The transfusion of hemocomponentes and derivatives is not free of risk and can take the customer the complications that can be fatal, therefore is important that all the nursing professionals have a good knowledge on this practical, knowing which cares they must be taken before, during and after the transfusion, which the possible reactions that the customer can present, as to identify them and as to proceed ahead from this situation. The Resolution of Diretoria Colegiada (RDC), n 153 of the National Agency of Vigilncia Sanitria (ANVISA), of 14 of June of 2004, normatiza in Brazil the activities of hemoterapia, establishing rules and procedures that must be known and be followed by the professionals who work with transfusions. It is important the nursing professionals to have knowledge of this Resolution better to take care of the submitted customers to the transfusional therapy and through the knowledge to prevent errors that can be fatal to this customer due the knowledge lack on this practical. Sanguineous transfusion the sanguineous transfusion is one practical doctor who consists of the transference of blood or one of its components, of a healthful giver for a patient. The objectives of the sanguineous transfusion according to POTTER (2005, p.1057) are: ' ' to increase the volume of circulating blood after surgery, trauma or hemorrhage; to become greater the number of eritrcitos and to keep the levels of hemoglobina in the customers with serious anemia; to supply to cellular components chosen teams as spare therapy ' '. In accordance with Resolution RDC n 153, of 14 of June of 2004, the set free hemocomponentes for the consumption could only be transfundidos when duly prescribed for doctors and after the accomplishment of the examinations daily pay-transfusionais for the service of responsible hemoterapia, as the imunohematolgicos examinations, that include the sanguineous tipagem and determination of the Rh factor and the sorolgicos examinations for the detention of illness of chagas, hepatitis B and C, infection for HIV/AIDS, for the HTLV-I/II and sfilis.